Social Influences in the Change of Opinion Research Paper - 1375 Words

Social Influences in the Change of Opinion Research Paper (Essay Sample) Content: SOCIAL INFLUENCES OF CHANGEBy:(Name)Presented to(Instructor, Course)(Institution, Location)Date:IntroductionThe social setting within which individuals live or interact is a major determinant of change and adoption of behavior among other things. Social influences are the major determinants of individual behavior and the decisions that different personalities will make with regards to different areas of their livesCITATION Sol14 \p 43 \l 1033 (Solomon, 2014, p. 43). As such, people make decisions either to fit within a given social group, or due to the benefits that such decisions will yield for them and their beloved ones. To determine such benefits, individuals refer to other persons within their social environment. As such, social psychology provides a lens through which the influences of individual behavior can be determined and how such is important in the adoption of new approaches to business such as the digitization of business. This paper seeks to review the various social influences that are likely to determine the changes that an individual ought to make in order to flourish within the contemporary digital economy.Social RolesThe presence of other persons within an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s social context may prove to be highly important in influencing their behavior in different ways. Nevertheless, social roles tend to be the most important influence of individual behavior as it involves the expectations that other persons set up of others. Individual do not expect other personsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ behavior to be random, but to be particular to a certain way as defined by their situationCITATION Han14 \p 228 \l 1033 (Kaufmann, 2014, p. 228). As such, every social situation has been accorded a given set of expectations concerning how best it is to behave. These expectations vary from one group to the other. These expectations are apparent in the roles played by different individuals within the society. As such, social roles refer to the part pl ayed by individuals within their social group. The adoption of each social role leads to changes in behavior and decision making approaches that are particular to such a role.The social roles adopted by individuals within their social environment are defined by the available social normsCITATION Ros11 \p 78 \l 1033 (Reiter, 2011, p. 78). The latter are a set of rules that define the course of action that ought to be take in every given situation by those bearing certain roles. This is an important consideration when it comes to making of decisions in the business environment. With the social roles being a major determinant of social behavior and social behavior being a major determinant of economic behavior, social roles are an important consideration of economic behavior. Individual tend to uphold behavior that fulfills certain norms within, an aspect referred to as conformity CITATION Pau12 \l 1033 (Adams, 2012). In the current digital environment, individuals are bound to pick on changes that allow for their conformity with the social norms that define their social roles.NurtureAnother important determinant of individual behavior is the aspect of being nurtured. The process of nurturing involves the kind of exposure that individuals have and what they consider as being important to themCITATION Ant15 \p 60 \l 1033 (Biglan, 2015, p. 60). Under nurturing, the two most important determinants of decision making, which could be important in deciding the kind of changes to implement in the current digital economy, include humanism and behaviorism. Under humanism, Maslow established basic physical needs that individuals aim at attaining or achieving. As such, persons are more receptive to ideas that fulfill their needs and reject those that do not. This is a highly important point when it comes to making decisions on the kind of changes to adopt from the established market system. Consumers are likely to engage in transactions that will uphold their needs as de fined by Maslow, and such needs may vary with the context in which they operate from and the level of fulfillment of their previous needsCITATION Fro14 \p 135 \l 1033 (Pirson, et al., 2014, p. 135). In addition, the social context of an individual influences their self-concept, an aspect that allows individuals to develop a certain understanding of themselves and their needs. As such they make decision based on such needs, established based on the constructs of the society in which they live.On the other hand, behaviorism dictates that individuals learn all behavior from their environment via conditioningCITATION Spe121 \p 437 \l 1033 (Rathus, 2012, p. 437). Contrary to internal events including emotion and thinking, behaviorism is mainly concerned with behavior that is observable. As such, individuals tend to respond to certain stimulus within their immediate environment through their decision making. In this perspective, when making decisions on changes that ought to be upheld i n order to succeed in the global digital economy, it is important to understand the various environmental factors that influence the behavior of individuals, including technological factors.ConformityConformity is another major social influence that is important in determining the various changes that ought to be adopted within the global digital economy in order to experience success. This involves changing the behavior or belief of an individual in order to fit within a certain group. In this case, individuals make change in response to imagined or real group pressureCITATION Soc12 \p 88 \l 1033 (Smith Haslam, 2012, p. 88). Group pressures are likely to occur in different forms such as persuasion, bullying, criticism, and teasing, among others. As such conformity refers to being in agreement with a majority position that results from the desire to be liked or fit in, or due to the desire to be considered correct. This is a major issue of concern in the business environment, espe cially for marketers as it defines the causative factors for consumer behavior. Consumer behavior is highly influenced by the environment from which they operate and the group in which they can be categorized CITATION Efr16 \l 1033 (Turban, et al., 2016). As such, market segmentation is important not only in determining the particular needs of each group, but also the various patterns of group pressure among them.In most cases, individuals embrace certain forms of change to be accepted within a certain group and to fulfill the need for a belongingness. Considering the adoption of changes within the digital economy that are likely to lead to success, of the major influences of such change is compliance, where one is likely to adopt changes suggested by the group, if they believe that such changes will be of benefit to themCITATION Den13 \p 561 \l 1033 (Coon Mitterer, 2013, p. 561). Another factor that is likely to influence adoption of change is internalization, which refers to th e acceptance of group influence with increased consideration of the intrinsic reward that one ought to achieve.NomotheticThe personality of individuals is highly important in determining their behavior and decision-making approaches. As exploited by different market researchers, it is evident that there are certain traits that are particular to certain people, which categorize them under certain sets of consumers, allowing businesses to develop a better understanding of them and business strategies that are specific to their behavior. Five of the most common traits of importance include agreeableness, emotional stability extroversion, openness to experience, and conscientiousnessCITATION Gor14 \p 668 \l 1033 (Redding, 2014, p. 668). The traits of an individual are ...

Richard Bransons Profile - 1650 Words

Richard Branson's Profile and Entrepreneurial Skills (Case Study Sample) Content: PROFILE OF VIRGIN GROUPAbstractThis paper illustrates the development and growth of Virgin Group since its inception. It outlines the profile of its renowned CEO, Richard Branson, and the entrepreneurial skills that he manifested into the organization, which led to the realization of feted success across the globe. In addition, the paper analyzes the various marketing strategies that the CEO used in the process of transforming the organization from small scale enterprise to a multi-national corporation. The various organizational cultures that shape and define the activities of the enterprise are highlighted with emphasis being on the aggressiveness of the workforce. Finally, employees ways of motivation are highlighted, and the future trend of Virgin Group is also incorporated into this paper. Table of Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u  HYPERLINK \l "_Toc340019368"
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1.0 Introduction  PAGEREF _Toc340019369 \h
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2.0 Richard Bransons Profile and Entrepreneurial Skills  PAGEREF _Toc340019370 \h
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4.0 Organizational Culture  PAGEREF _Toc340019372 \h
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10IntroductionVirgin Group is one of the leading organizations in UK. The company provides a dizzying range of commodities and services throughout its numerous business units. Indeed, from a small business operation to a multi-national organization that operates across the world, Branson and the executive committee have undertaken realistic and effective transformation in the companys operations. Currently, the organizatio n is involved in various operations including nightclubs, food and drinks services, record label, among others. With such immense operations, Branson has focused on planning as a core factor that necessitates smooth flow of operations across the organization (Jones, 2004). The company is undertaking strategies, either marketing or production, that will enable it to conquer the economy in the next three or four decades. Richard Bransons Profile and Entrepreneurial Skills Richard Branson is a renowned entrepreneur who initiated the operations of Virgin Group to a world class level. Born in 1950, he attended Stowe School where he incorporated a school magazine at the tender age of 16. Towards the end of 1970, Branson founded a retailer of mail order record known as Virgin. His entrepreneurial skills were manifested in every activity and operation he undertook and, two years later, he built a recording studio that was situated in Oxfordshire. With the signing of Sex Pistols, Virgin com memorated the greatest achievement that marked the start of the organizations success. He signed numerous household names to be included in the Rolling Stones, majorly from Culture Club, thereby enabling Virgin Music to be recognized as the best operating companies in the industry. Currently, the Virgin Group incorporates more than 200 companies across the globe, and its expansion has been attributed to the skills and dedication of one Richard Branson. The operations of the company include travel, mobile, tourism, health, finance, leisure, radio, broadband, TV, and Music festivals (Jaray, 2006). Kitchen and Proctor (2001) posits that the success of Virgin Group has been achieved through dedication of its CEO and the managerial team. As a non-profit making organization, the focus is to harness entrepreneurial skills on its members in an attempt to realize strategic goals. Some of these skills that were fostered by Branson include Vision and leadership in the workplace, focus and exec ution of services, persistence and passion in doing chores, technical skills, and flexibility. In the case of vision and leadership, Branson has visualized where Virgin Group would be in the next few decades. In realizing the organizations vision, Branson ensured that the vision statement is clearly communicate to the employees, as they are the pillars for the companys success (Strauss, 2010). Secondly, the CEO ensured that his team was focused and executed its services at the required timeframe. The company made sure that customers satisfaction is realized, goals are attained at the right time, and motivation of employees is undertaken by the superiors. Thirdly, the success was realized due to passion and persistence that characterized the managerial team. Being led by hardworking and reliable CEO, the staff demonstrated their passion through accomplishing their tasks and, in turn, the management rewarded them for their activities. Fourth, the technical skills portrayed by the firm ensured the overall success of the enterprise. Though not the whole managerial team is technically skilled, the management needs to have a fervent foundation on technical skills in order to make well-versed decisions. Finally, flexibility denoted the success of Virgin Group. With the changes in the economic endowment, flexibility in the operations of the management ensures that it can undertake activities in diversified economic conditions. Marketing Strategies While the diversity of Virgins group business interests have always been questioned by business analysts, Branson has maintained that the company will articulate to its core values and marketing strategies in the economy. The name Virgin was selected in order to symbolize the idea that the organization is virgin whenever it enters into any form of operation. However, before undertaking any operation in new markets, the management scanned the new environment in an attempt to ascertain the relevancy of Virgin Groups operations , and to understand whether the company will offer a different product and service to the new market. The objective of the marketing strategy is to extend the organizations brand name at a much reduced price in the areas or regions where the market is relatively static (Isik-Vanelli, 2004). Virgin Group analyzes the nature of the project, and whether it challenges the authority, it is innovative, offers monetary value, good quality, and enhances growth in the operations of the organization. Bransons strategy revolved around these four crucial elements. Virgin brand is the vital asset of the company, as it sales the image of the other chains of the organizations. Based on the companys set values and attributes, the intention is to make the company the champion for its consumers. However, this was derailed by the companys marketing skills and public relations skills; the company understanding of the various opportunities prevailing in the economy as institutionalized markets; and the organizations experience in new markets (Hoskisson, 2008). The Company perceived that institutionalized markets were dominated by small group of competitors, therefore, quality was not observed when delivering services to its customers. Using well-established marketing strategies, the company has established its industry from one form of company to another with the aim of realizing competitive advantage over its rival companies in the industry. Organizational CultureIn most of the organizations across the globe, diversity and culture have shaped the operations of the organizations, and virgin Group is no exception. The success of Virgin Group is also attributed to their modern culture of undertaking operations. Its success is being driven by peoples aggressiveness, orientation, risk taking, and innovative culture. In the case of aggressiveness culture of employees, the organization ensures that its performance is superior to the operations of other rival companies in the organizatio n and markets the brand under the name of Virgins. Aggressiveness implies the degree in which the workforce is characterized by competitiveness and aggressive nature rather than cooperating with rival companies. The aggressiveness was demonstrated by the employees of Virgin Blue, which is an airline of Australia, when it expanded its operations to New Zealand, United States and, finally, to South Africa. Its main objective was to realize its strategic goal and competitiveness in the economy. In addition, Virgin Active, one of the health club chains of Virgin Group, was rescued in South Africa after it had undergone a financial crisis, and, currently, South Africa has more than 100 health clubs (Adair, 2007). Employees orientation is another culture demonstrated by Virgin Group in its operation. By employee orientation it means the degree in which the decisions of the management are put in practice in order to effect the operation of the employees. One of the key strategies that Rich ard Branson was using was employee motivation where he emphasized on the need to have cordial relationship with the workforce in order to realize success. The management set up parties that ensured there was bonding in all levels of employees in the organization. Such events ensured that employees build cordial relationship with each other; thereby, sharing opinions that are relevant to the competitiveness of the organization (Henry, 2008). Finally, risk taking and innovative culture ensures that employees are allowed to take certain level of risks and to be creative when undertaking thei...

Improving Student Behavior With Behavior Contracts

Behavior contracts that describe appropriate replacement behavior consequences and rewards can really help students succeed, eliminate problem behavior and build a positive relationship with the students teachers. Contracts can eliminate the never-ending battle of wits that begins when a student engages the teacher and the teacher gets hooked. Contracts can focus the student and teacher on the good behavior rather than on the problems. A behavior contract can be a positive intervention to avoid the need to write a Behavior Intervention Plan. If a childs behavior merits a check in the Special Considerations section of the IEP, federal law requires that you conduct a Functional Behavioral Analysis and write a Behavior Intervention Plan.  If another intervention can prevent the behavior from getting out of control, you can avoid a lot of work as well as possibly needing to call an additional IEP team meeting. What Is a Behavior Contract? A behavior contract is an agreement between a student, their parent and the teacher. It spells out the expected behavior, the unacceptable behavior, the benefits (or rewards) for improving behavior and the consequence for failing to improve behavior. This contract should be worked out with the parent and the child and is most effective if the parent reinforces the appropriate behavior, rather than the teacher. Accountability is an important part of the success of a behavior contract. The components: Participants: Parent, Teacher, and Student. If both parents participate in the conference, more power to them! It is clearly an indication that they will support your effort. If you are in a middle school and other teachers besides the special educator will be enforcing the plan, they all need to sign off on the contract. Finally, the student should be consulted, especially about the rewards. What is a fitting reward for proving that they can improve their school behavior?The Behavior: Describing the behavior negatively (stop hitting, stop speaking out of turn, stop swearing) will focus on the behavior that you want to extinguish. You need to be sure that you are describing the replacement behavior, the behavior you want to see in its place. You want to be rewarding the student for the behavior that you want to see, rather than punishing the behavior you do not want to see. Research has proven conclusively that punishment doesnt work: it makes a behavior disappear temporarily, but th e minute the punisher leaves, the behavior will reappear. It is important that the replacement behavior serves the same function as the behavior you with to eliminate. Raising your hand doesnt replace calling out if the function of calling out is to get attention from peers. You need to find a behavior that will also provide appropriate attention.Data collection: How will you record when wanted or unwanted behavior has occurred? You may have a student self-monitoring protocol, or even a teacher checklist or teacher record sheet. Often it can be as simple as a three by five-inch note card taped to the desk, where the teacher can place a star or a check for appropriate behavior.The Reward: You need to be sure that you establish both the reward and the threshold for getting the reward. How many inappropriate behaviors are allowed and yet the student can still earn the reward? How long does the student need to exhibit the behavior before the student earns the reward? What if the student backslides? Does he or she still get to keep credit for the success that preceded it?Consequences: If the behavior you are targeting is problematic and can potentially inhibit the success not only of the student in question, but for the whole class, it needs to have consequences. The consequences also need to kick in when a certain threshold is met. In most cases, the success of exhibiting the replacement behavior, along with the praise and positive emphasis that should accompany the success, it shouldnt need to be instituted. Still, if a behavior disrupts the classroom and puts other children at risk, the consequence needs to be one that returns peace to the classroom and makes the other children safe. It may be to remove the child from the room, or move the child to the quiet corner.Signatures: Get everyones signature. Make a big deal about it, and be sure that you keep a copy of the contract handy, so you can refer to it when you want to either motivate or redirect the student. Instituting Your Contract Be sure that everything is in place before you begin the contract. How will the parents be informed and how often? Daily? Weekly? How will parents be informed of a bad day? How will you know for sure that the report has been seen? What is the consequence if the reporting form is not returned? A call to Mom? Celebrate Success! Be sure to let the student know when you are pleased when they are having success with their contract. I find that often the first few days are very successful, and it usually takes a few days before the there is any backsliding. Success feeds success. So be sure to let your student how happy you are when they do succeed.

Art

Advertising Essays - 843 Words

ADVERTISING: RIGHT OR WRONG nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The largest money-making industry in the United States today is advertising. During events such as the Super Bowl, companies pay large sums of money in return for thirty seconds of air time. Advertising is the act of promoting a product by informing the public of the products worth. Whether it be television, radio, or newspapers, companies must find a distinct name and phrase that one can associate with their product; nonetheless, people often take offense to these names and phrases. People claim that often times these product names promote racial stereotypes and racial disunity. While some people may take offense to the name of the product as well as the way companies go about†¦show more content†¦In the article â€Å"Crazy Horse Beer Brews a Legal Storm,† by Michael Gartner, one reads of Indians who take offense to Crazy Horse beer. These groups of Indians advocate the removal of the beer due to it exploiting the name of their famous Indian leader Crazy Horse. Robert Sack, a lawyer for the First Amendment, states it best by saying, â€Å"Nothing could be more dangerous in a democracy than banning things simply because people find them offensive or unlikeable.†1 The First Amendment does not state that everyone must be satisfied in order to have this freedom of expression. The First Amendment’s purpose, as Sack points out, is to give everyone the right to an opinion! no matter what others think. If an advertisement does not maliciously attack a race or group in society, then that advertisement is simply practicing its First Amendment right. Therefore, one cannot assume that advertisements promote racism. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;While advertising is a practice of the First Amendment, government has set various rules that limit both what and how one can advertise; as a result, malicious acts of racism and racial disunity cease to exist. Government agencies have developed copyrights and patents to ensure the protection of people’s rights and ideals. If one does not wish to have the name of something or someone very dear to him exploited, than that individual has the right to have their product or name copyrighted or patented. AShow MoreRelatedAdvertising : Advertising And Advertising1636 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Every Advertising campaign main focus is to be cost effective, reach the largest target audience and most importantly should attract new customers.(allbusiess.com) Advertising plays a crucial role for every company regarding the size of the company, it doesn’t matter if the company is big or small an effective and well planned ad campaign can do wonders for the company. â€Å"Effective advertising reaches potential customers and informs them of your products or services. Ideally, advertising shouldRead MoreAdvertising Analysis : Advertising And Advertising Essay731 Words   |  3 Pagespromote sales. Since that time advertising has come a long way, with the introduction of advertising slogans and jingles cleverly designed to play on human pyschology and thereby maximise product sales. 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In order for them to, they have targeted a particular group of people which are teens. Advertisers know teens are very vulnerable, and want to be seen as â€Å"cool† and for these companies to sell their product, they (advertisers) paint this unrealistic image of a teenager, in their (teens) heads. They (advertisers)Read MoreAdvertising And The Advertising Groups1057 Words   |  5 PagesOften you hear the phrase, â€Å"there is truth in advertising†. More and more media groups use unique and gimmicky concepts to grab the attention of their desired audience. One such concept commonly employed by advertising groups is scare tactics. Groups such as the Truth Campaign or the American Cancer Association have been using stark commercials with dark, and often graphic, materials to get across their anti-tobacco message. 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Classification Essay - PTA Personalities - 1164 Words

PTA Personalities nbsp; Many public institutions rely on the generosity and help of volunteers in order to run smoothly. One of the more important institutions is the school, and one of the most visible volunteers in the school is the PTA volunteer. These volunteers fulfill a necessary role, especially for the elementary schools, by augmenting the work of the principal and teachers with extras that the school ordinarily would not have. The people who do the volunteer work are varied, but the PTA seems to act as a magnet for three types of personalities: the power seeker, the eager beaver, and the dependable worker. nbsp; Dominating Dora, the power seeker, usually starts off as a committee chairman and almost always†¦show more content†¦Dominating Dora may pursue the issue anyway until there is a showdown with the principal, who usually has the last word on these things. Unfortunately, this disagreement causes bad feelings which many times costs her votes at the next election of officers. Dominating Dora always sees that her name is prominently displayed on anything that has to do with the PTA. This recognition is her payment for all that she has done, and she glories in it. She makes sure that she is always available for any awards or plaques or other recognition certificates, often missing out on her childrens activities. A power seeker like Dominating Dora burns out in about two years, or she is pushed out sooner by her fellow volunteers who do not care for her leadership. Of course, she could not have accomplished any of her myriads of activities without the eager beaver. nbsp; Rarin-to-go Rita is an eager beaver who agrees with everything Dominating Dora says. She goes to all the board meetings and would never dream of missing one. She does everything she is told to do. She volunteers to do every job and is delegated to as many as she can handle plus one more for good measure. Rarin-to-go Rita is usually the volunteer with all the PTA files stored in her dining room. Her family has not eaten in the dining room since she joined the PTA. Rarin-to-goShow MoreRelatedConflict in the Workplace3573 Words   |  15 Pagesconflicts in the workplace are very common because they inevitably arise when groups or teams perform. This essay critically discusses the view that these conflicts can in certain circumstances be a positive factor in improving the individual performance. The approach used to address this issue is a combination of literature review and interviews of employees working at the chosen business, which is the PTA GmbH. T he four levels of conflict in the workplace and the explanation of the traditional, behaviouralRead MoreFeminine Mystique12173 Words   |  49 PagesSupplemental Reading for US History 2 From Rosie to Lucy Questions students must answer in a 500-word (minimum) essay: 1) Describe the post-WWII frustrations felt by women such as Betty Friedan. 2) During the era of â€Å"Rosie the Riveter†, what gains did women make in the workforce? How did these women feel about themselves and their contributions? What did society as a whole think? 3) What role did mass media play during the 1950s and 1960s in regard to supporting or undermining theRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 CommunicationRead MoreInformation Technology Implementation Issues: an Analysis45771 Words   |  184 Pagesderived from distortion of the perceptions of individuals about information technologies and their relationship to the given municipality. In this particular study it was impossible to assess the influences of organizational environments, the personalities of the administrators, and any external factors. In addition, the utility of the process of IT implementation does not lend itself to specific or accurate measures of effectiveness. Individuals and their closeness or buy-in to the process may bias

The Arena of Tort Liabilities-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Advise MacTools Ltd as to its legal position, citing relevant legal authority. Answer: Issue: The issue of the case is whether the company is liable to compensate the victims or not. Laws: The present case is based on the provision of contributory negligence and the provision of duty of care (Ferrara et al., 2016). These two provisions are tortuous in nature and are specifically defined under the arena of tort liabilities. Duty of care is a well known principle in the tort law and attracts the provision of the negligence (Barry, 2017). In the case of Donoghue v. Stevenson [1932] AC 562, it was held by the court that in case of negligence it is to be proved that the defendant had breached the duty of care and the causes damaged to another (Stewart Stuhmcke, 2014). In case of duty of negligence, Caparo test is to be applicable regarding the injury of person and property. In Vaughan v. Menlove (1837) 3 Bing N.C. 467, if there is an allegation made against the defendant and the allegation get proved, he will be liable for the breach of duty (McLachlan, 2013). The principle also laid down under the case of Donoghue v. Stevenson. Duty of care is a legal obligation to show certain reasonable care to a man that a prudent man would do at that position. It is the duty of a person to foresee the effects of the acts that are performed by him. The term contributory negligence is a part of the general defence system under the arena of the tort law. It determines the responsibility of the claimants regarding the accident and loss caused by him. It is a partial defence to the wrong doer regarding the acts performed by him. The provision of the contributory negligence has been proved in the case of Pitts v. Hunt [1990] 3 All ER 34, where it had been observed by the court of law that the claimant or the victim is also responsible for the accident and therefore unable to claim full amount of money from the defendant. The term is also applicable in the common law provision off Australia. In Astley v. Austrust Limited (2000) 197 CLR 1, it was observed by the High Court of Australia that where both the solicitor and the trustee company are liable for certain loss, both of them are liable regarding this. Application: The cases that are mentioned under the relevant law section applied on the present case and enlightened the provision of the specified parts of the Tort law (Fordham, 2013). Under the legal system of Australia, there are certain provision regarding the defence of the wrong doer and the provision of the contributory negligence is a part of it. The main objective of the provision is that where the victim himself is partly liable for the injury he suffers, the law bars him to claim full compensation from the defendant. An example of it is suppose a person cross the road negligently and hit by a car where the driver is also driving the car negligently, is barred by law to demand full amount of money. There is no particular rule mentioned under the law regarding the portion of compensation in the case. In the present case, MacTools Ltd. had manufactured certain power-drilling machine and one Mulan had lent the machine (Rajapakse, 2016). His wife Aurora used the machine without reading the instructions and used the machine not according to the rule mentioned in the instruction. This caused a serious injury to her. If the husband of the victim wanted to claim compensation from the company, law regarding the issue, as his wife is also partly liable for the damage caused to her, will bar him. The principle is observed in the case of Astley v. Austrust Limited (2000) 197 CLR . The provision regarding the duty of care is also applicable in this case. As per the principle laid down under the case of Donoghue v. Stevenson [1932] AC 562, it was held that every manufacturer owes certain duties to the customers and they should perform their work diligently. If they are failed to do so and if any damage occurred for the same, they will be liable for that. In this case, the company was aware that a short-circuit may happen if the product is used five minutes at a stretch but failed to take reasonable step regarding this. Therefore, the company is liable under the clause of duty of care (Cusimano Roberts, 2016). A power disconnection is also taken place regarding the disputed machine. Both the company and the victim is liable for the disconnection and the glass worker can claim damage from both of them. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the manufacturing company is partly liable for the damages occurred to Aurora and the glass workers as per the necessary provision mentioned herein. References: Barry, C. (2017). Statutory modifications of contributory negligence at common law.Precedent (Sydney, NSW), (140), 12. Cusimano, G. S., Roberts, M. L. (2016). Contributory Negligence and Assumption of Risk.Alabama Tort Law,1. Ferrara, S. D., Baccino, E., Boscolo-Berto, R., Comand, G., Domenici, R., Hernndez-Cueto, C., ... Pinchi, V. (2016). International Guidelines on the Methods of Ascertainment of Personal Injury and Damage Under Civil-Tort Law. InPersonal Injury and Damage Ascertainment under Civil Law(pp. 583-602). Springer International Publishing. Fordham, M. (2013). Legislation and Case Notes: Contributory Negligence and the Disabled Claimant. McKendrick, E. (2014).Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK). McLachlan, R. (2013). Deep and Persistent Disadvantage in Australia-Productivity Commission Staff Working Paper. Rajapakse, P. J. (2016). Contamination of food and drinks: Product liability in Australia.Deakin L. Rev.,21, 45. Stewart, P., Stuhmcke, A. (2014). Lacunae and litigants: A study of negligence cases in the high court of Australia in the first decade of the 21st century and beyond.Melb. UL Rev.,38, 151.